Mid-century modern

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Mid-century modern is a design movement in interior, product, graphic design, architecture, and urban development from about 1933 to 1965. This term, used as a stylistic descriptor in the early mid-1950s, 1983 by Cara Greenberg in the title of his book, Mid-Century Modern: Furniture of the 1950s , celebrates the style now recognized by scholars and museums around the world as a design movement.

Video Mid-century modern

Architecture

The medieval modern movement in the US is an American reflection of the International and Bauhaus movements, including the works of Gropius, Florence Knoll, Le Corbusier, and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Although American components are slightly more organic in shape and less formal than International Styles, it is stronger associated with it than others. The Brazilian and Scandinavian architects are very influential today, with a style characterized by clean simplicity and integration with nature. Like many of Wright's designs, Medieval architecture is often used in residential structures with the aim of bringing modernism to the post-war suburbs of America. This style emphasizes the creation of structures with vast windows and open floor plans, with the intention of opening the interior space and bringing the outdoors. Many medieval houses make use of the architectural design of the groundbreaking poles and beams that then get rid of the huge support walls for the sake of the walls seem to be made of glass. Function is as important as the form in Medieval design, with emphasis placed specifically on targeting the needs of the average American family.

In Europe the influence of Le Corbusier and CIAM resulted in architectural orthodoxy embodied in much of postwar Europe which was eventually challenged by the radical architectural wing agenda of the avant-garde avant-garde Front Situationist, COBRA, and Archigram in London. The critical but sympathetic Reappraisal of the internationalist oeuvre, inspired by modern Scandinavians like Alvar Aalto, Sigurd Lewerentz and Arne Jacobsen, and Le Corbusier's own final work, were reinterpreted by groups such as Team X, including structuralist architects such as Aldo van Eyck, Ralph Erskine, Denys Lasdun, Jorn Utzon and the movement known in Britain as New Brutalism.

Pioneer builders and real estate developers Joseph Eichler was instrumental in bringing Modern Medieval architecture ("Eichler House") to subdivisions in the Los Angeles area and the San Francisco Bay area of ​​California, and choosing a residential development on the east coast. George Fred Keck, his brother Willam Keck, Henry P. Glass, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, and Edward Humrich created Medieval Modern housing in the Chicago area. The Farnsworth House Mies van der Rohe is very difficult to heat or cool, while Keck and Keck are pioneers in the incorporation of passive solar features in their homes to compensate for their large window glass.

Medieval modern in Palm Springs

The city of Palm Springs, California is famous for many examples of medieval modern architecture.

Architects include:

• Welton Becket: Palm Springs Bullock (with Wurdeman) (1947) (destroyed, 1996)
• John Porter Clark: Welwood Murray Library (1937); Clark Residence (1939) (on the El Minador golf course); Palm Springs Women's Club (1939)
• William F. Cody: Stanley Goldberg's Residence; Del Marcos Motel (1947); L'Horizon Hotel, for Jack Wrather and Bonita Granville (1952); overhauling the Thunderbird Country Club clubhouse (c 1953) (Rancho Mirage); Tamarisk Country Club (1953) (Rancho Mirage) (now rebuilt); Restaurant Huddle Springs (1957); St. Theresa Parish Church (1968); Palm Springs Library (1975)
• Craig Ellwood: Max Palevsky's House (1970)
• Albert Frey: Palm Springs City Hall (with Clark and Chambers) (1952-1957); Palm Springs Fire Station # 1 (1955); Tramway Gas Station (1963); Movie Colony Hotel; Kocher-Samson Building (1934) (with A. Lawrence Kocher); Raymond Loewy House (1946); Villa Hermosa Resort (1946); Frey House I (1953); Frey House II (1963); Carey-Pirozzi's home (1956); Christian Scientist Church (1957); Alpha Beta Shopping Center (1960) (destroyed)
• Victor Gruen: City National Bank (now Bank of America) (1959) (designed as a tribute to Chapelle Notre Dame du Haut, Ronchamp, by Le Corbusier)
• A. Quincy Jones: The Palm Springs Tennis Club (with Paul R. Williams) (1946); City & amp; The State Center (with Paul R. Williams) (1947-1950); J.J. Robinson House (with Frederick E. Emmons) (1957); Ambassador and Mother Walter H. Annenberg House (with Frederick E. Emmons) (1963)
• William Krisel - Ocotillo Lodge (1957); House of Tomorrow (1962).
• John Lautner: Desert Hot Springs Motel (1947); Arthur Elrod House (1968) (interiors used in the making of the James Bond film Diamonds Are Forever ); Bob Hope House (1973)
• Gene Leedy: The Sarasota School of Architecture, sometimes called the Modern Sarasota, is a regional post-war architectural style that appears on the Florida Central West Coast.
• John Black Lee: Special in residential homes. Lee House 1 (1952), Lee House 2 (1956) where he won the Merit Award from the American Institute of Architects, Day House (1965), * House Systems (1961), Rogers House (1957) Ravello (1960)
• Frederick Monhoff: Palm Springs Biltmore Resort (1948) (destroyed, 2003)
Richard Neutra (Anathous AIA Gold Medal honorer): Grace Lewis Miller's House (1937) (including his Mensendlieck post-therapy studio); Kaufman House (1946); Samuel and Luella Maslon House, Tamarisk Country Club, Rancho Mirage (1962) (destroyed, 2003)
• William Pereira: Robinson (1953)
• William Gray Purcell (with protà © à © gÃÆ'  © Van Evera Bailey): Purcell House (1933) (modern cubist)
• R.M. Schindler: Paul and Betty Popenoe Cabin, Coachella (1922, destroyed); Maryon Toole House (1947) (Palm Desert)
• Charles Tanner: Community Church (1935)
• Earle Webster: "The Ship of the Desert" nautical moderne house (1936) (with Adrian Wilson)
• Donald Wexler: Steel Development House, Sunny View Drive (1961). The home developer, Alexander Homes, popularized this post-and-beam architectural style in Coachella Valley. Alexander's house and similar houses have low-pitched roofs, wide roofs, open ceilings, and floor-to-ceiling windows.
• E. Stewart Williams: Frank Sinatra House (1946) (with piano-shaped pool); Oasis commercial building (with interior by Paul R. Williams) (1952); William and Marjorie Edris House (1954); Mari and Steward Williams House (1956); Santa Fe Federal Savings Building (1958); Coachella Valley Savings & amp; Loan (now Washington Mutual) (1960); Palm Springs Desert Museum (1976)
• Harry Williams: Plaza Shopping Center (1936) (one of the first car-oriented centers in the United States)
• Paul Williams: Palm Springs Tennis Club (with Jones) (1946)
• Lloyd Wright: Oasis Hotel (1923)
• Walter Wurdeman: Palm Springs Bullock (with Welton Becket) (1947) (destroyed, 1996)

Examples of Palm Springs's 1950s motel architecture include the Ballantines Movie Colony (1952) - one part is the 1935 Albert Frey San Jacinto Hotel - the Coral Sands Inn (1952), and the Orbit Inn (1957). Recovery projects have been undertaken to return many of these dwellings and businesses to their original state.

Maps Mid-century modern

Industrial design

Scandinavian design is very influential today, with a style characterized by simplicity, democratic design and natural forms. Gelas (Iittala - Finland), ceramics (Arab - Finland), tableware (Georg Jensen - Denmark), lighting (Poul Henningsen - Denmark), and furniture (modern Danish) are some of the genres for the products made. In America, east of Mississippi, American-born Russel Wright, designing for Steubenville Pottery, and Hungarian-born Eva Zeisel, designing for Red Wing Pottery and then Hall China creating a free-flowing ceramic design that is deeply admired and heralded in refined trends , flowing contours in the cutlery. In the West Coast of America, industrial designer and craftsman Edith Heath (1911-2005) founded Heath Ceramics in 1948. This company is one of the greatest number of California pottery producers who had their heyday in the US after the war, and produced the Middle Ages ceramic tableware modern. "Coupe" from Edith Heath remains in demand and continues to be produced since 1948, with only periodic changes to the texture and color of the glaze.

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Graphic design

Printed ephemera documents medieval transformations in urban development, architecture and design including the Type Linen postcards from the 1930s to the early 1950s. They mainly consist of national view cards of North American cities, cities, buildings, monuments and civil and military infrastructure. Postcards of Medieval Linen Type emerged through innovation pioneered through the use of offset lithography. The cards are manufactured on paper with high fabric contents, which gives postcards some sort of cloth look and feel. At this time the process is cheaper. Along with advances in printing techniques, a Type Linen card is allowed for very vibrant ink colors. Encyclopedic geographic icons from Linen images Medieval types show a popular middle-class attitude about nature, jungle, technology, mobility and cities during the mid-20th century.

Source of the article : Wikipedia