The CW Television Network (commonly referred to simply The CW ) is an English-language American television broadcast network operated by CW Network, LLC, a joint limited liability of exploring between CBS Corporation, the former owner of United Paramount Network (UPN), and Warner Bros. Entertainment, a division of Time Warner, the former majority owner of The WB. The network name is an abbreviation that comes from the first letter of the names of the two parent companies ( C BS and W arner Bros.).
The CW Television Network made its debut on September 18, 2006, after two of its predecessors, UPN and The WB, each ceased independent operations on September 15 and 17 of that year. The first two nights of the CW program - on September 18 and 19, 2006 - consisted of reruns and specials related to the launch. CW marked the official launch date on September 20, 2006, with a two-hour premiere from the seventh cycle of Next Top Model America . Initially, the network programming line was intended to appeal primarily to women between the ages of 18 and 34, although starting in 2011 the network increased in programming that appealed to men. In August 2017, CW audiences were 50% male and 50% female. The network currently runs programming six days a week: aired Monday through Friday in the afternoon and in prime time, along with a block of live action education programs Saturday morning produced by Litton Entertainment called One Magnificent Morning.
It is also available in Canada on cable, satellite and IPTV providers through CBS Corporation owned and operated stations and affiliates located near the Canadian-US border (the CW event broadcasts are subject to the simultaneous substitution laws imposed by Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission, if the Canadian network holds broadcasting rights); it is also available through two affiliates owned by Tribune Media classified in the United States as New York City WPIX affiliates and affiliates of Los Angeles KTLA.
In addition, CW is available in Mexico through affiliates located near Mexico-US. (KFMB-DT2/San Diego-Tijuana, KECY-DT3 in El Centro, California, KVIA-DT2 in El Paso, and KCWT-CD with simulcasters KFXV-LD2 and KNVO-DT4 in McAllen-Brownsville, Texas) on paying television providers. In Canada and Mexico, some CW affiliate signals originating in the US are over-the-air receivables in the border area depending on the station signal range.
Video The CW
Histori
1993-2006: Origins
The CW Television Network is the successor of The WB and UPN, both launched within a week of each other in 1995.
UPN and The WB both started right when Fox's network began securing a foothold with American television viewers. Both networks are launched to limited fanfare and are generally mediocre for poor results. However, for the next 11 seasons 1 / 2 , both can show some very popular series (like Buffy the Vampire Slayer , Star Trek: Voyager , The 7th Sky , Dawson's Creek , Interested , Smallville and Next Top Model America ). Towards the end of their first decade in the air, The WB and UPN suffered a setback, unable to reach the audience share or have the effect that Fox had gained in its first decade, much less from the Big Three (ABC, CBS) network. and NBC). Within eleven years of UPN and The WB in operation, the two networks lost a combined $ 2 billion. Incidentally, Chris-Craft Industries, Viacom and Time Warner officials have discussed the possibility of merging UPN and The WB in early September 1995, just eight months after each launch; however, the discussion eventually stalled due to issues on how to combine Chris-Craft and Tribune Broadcasting's interests in proposals to merge networks, as the two companies' portfolios overlap with each other in some big markets rather than face a questionable future as a separate network.
Executives from CBS and Time Warner announced on January 24, 2006 that they will each close UPN and The WB, and combine resources to form a new broadcast network, known as The CW Television Network, which will - at the beginning - programming features from both of its predecessors-into new content developed specifically for new networks. CBS chairman Leslie Moonves explained that the new network name was formed from the first letter of CBS and Warner Bros., joking, "We can not call it WC for obvious reasons." Although some executives reportedly disliked the new name, Moonves stated in March 2006 that there was a "zero chance" the name would change, citing research that claimed 48% of target demographics had already realized the name of CW.
In May 2006, The CW announced that it would take a combination of thirteen programs from two of its predecessors to the air as part of its network premiere fallout: the seven series held from The WB ( 7th Heaven , Beauty and the Geek , Gilmore Girls , One Tree Hill , Reba , Smallville and Supernatural ) and six are held by UPN ( Next America's Top Model , Veronica Mars , Everyone Hates Chris , Girlfriends , All of Us and WWE SmackDown ). After the launch of the network, The CW chose to use the scheduling model used by The WB due in part to the fact that it has a broader programming schedule that is wider than UPN, allowing for a larger number of hours of programming weekly for new networks to fill. (The WB brings 30 hours of programming every week because it has a children's program block and daytime ranks that UPN does not offer; UPN is primarily a prime time-only network with 12 hours of network programming at the time the network turns off).
2006-2011: Ostroff Era
Like UPN and The WB, The CW targets its program toward younger audiences. CBS and Time Warner hope that combining their network schedules and affiliate lists will strengthen The CW into the fifth "major" broadcasting network. One week before the official launch of the network, on September 11, 2006, the new full version of the network website, www.cwtv.com, was launched; the website began to show more in-depth information about the show The CW.
CW was launched with a special launch/launch party from CBS that produces Night Entertainment at Warner Bros. Studios in Burbank, California on September 18, 2006, after the tenth season repetition of 7th Heaven ; the same schedule was repeated on September 19th, with the sixth season finale of Gilmore Girls airing on the second hour of prime time. The network continues to air the last season of the previous season until the first weekend, except for the Next America's Next Model and WWE SmackDown , each starting their new season on 20 and 22 September , with a two-hour premiere. When the Top Model made its network premier on September 20, 2006, The CW scored 3.4/5 (with an hourly rating of 3.1/5 and 3.6/6; CW placed the fifth overall ) in the Nielsen household rating. It scored a rating of 2.6 between Adults 18-49, finishing fourth in an age demographic and beating the 2.2 ranking received by Fox that night. The second week network consists of seasons and inaugural series for all other series from September 25th to October 1st, with the exception of Veronica Mars, which debuted the third season on October 3rd.
Despite having some of the most popular programs carried from UPN and The WB as part of his schedule, The CW - though it's having some success with new programs launched in the following season which became a simple hits - most struggled to gain an audience foothold during the first five years in the air. Due to the declining viewership for the network during the 2007-08 season and the effects of the Guild of America Writers strike, the network announced on March 4, 2008, that it would eliminate the comedy department (rejecting executive vice president comedy Kim Fleary, and senior vice president of comedy Steve Veisel) , while also incorporating current drama and programming departments into a single script programming unit. Company restructuring - which also includes removal of certain positions, new unopened positions, layoffs from the Children's WB unit (since the block will be replaced by The CW4Kids on May 24), and the removal and transfer of marketing positions at The CW Plus to the network marketing department - resulting in about 25 to 30 employees layoffs.
On May 9, 2008, CW announced that it will rent the Sunday lineup (then from 5:00 to 10:00 Eastern and Pacific Time) to the Media Rights Capital (MRC) production company. Because Sunday is historically a low-rating night for the network during its first two seasons in the air (due to stiff competition from CBS, ABC and Fox's powerful Sunday circuit, and further complicated by NBC's acquisition of Sunday Night Football in September 2006, shortly before The CW debuted), the move allowed The CW to concentrate on the main schedule from Monday to Saturday, while giving MRC the right to develop and schedule its own selected programs and reap the advertising revenue that generated by rows. The scheduled Sunday series - two reality series ( 4Real and In Harm's Way ) and two scripted series (romantic drama Valentine and drama Easy Money ) - performs poorly in rank (averaging only 1.04 million viewers), prompting The CW to cancel its agreement with the MRC and its own Sunday night program starting on November 30, 2008. With no first-run programming available to run on Sunday as backup, the network adds reruns of The Drew Carey Show and Jericho , and movies to replace the MRC-generated program.
One event was brought to the network of UPN, WWE Friday Night SmackDown , ending its operation at The CW after September 26, 2008, the episode because the negotiations ended between WWE and The CW on program updates. Representatives for The CW then confirmed that they have chosen not to continue bringing SmackDown because the network has redefined its target audience as exclusive women aged 18 to 34, while SmackDown targeting audiences is dominated male - though it continues to serve some of the programs targeted by later male viewers like Smallville and Supernatural . Following SmackDown ' moved to MyNetworkTV in the same season, Fox's network (which was launched the same month as The CW debut, albeit two weeks earlier, on September 5, 2006) began to defeat The CW in Friday's ranking every week from the program's debut on the network, although The CW continues to defeat MyNetworkTV as a whole.
CW has generally fought in the Nielsen rankings early on, especially placing fifth in all statistics tabulated by Nielsen (total audience viewers and demographic rank). On several occasions, The CW has even been defeated by the Spanish-language network, Univision. This has led to speculation in the industry (including the May 16, 2008 article in The Wall Street Journal) that CBS, Time Warner or both companies may abandon the business if the ratings do not improve. However, CW's fate was supported in the 2008-09 and 2009-10 television seasons thanks to increased rankings among women in the 18-34 demographic and the buzz that some newer series (such as Gossip Girl , < i> 90210 and The Vampire Diaries ) have been generated with the audience. Executives with CBS Corporation and Time Warner also stressed their commitment to the network.
On May 5, 2009, CW announced that it will grant a five-hour network time on Sunday back to the falling affiliate station, which effectively becomes networked only on weekdays at prime time, in addition to CW Daytime blocks and The CW4Kids (final block , aired on Saturday morning, will remain the only weekend program provided by the network). This, in turn, resulted in the cessation of Sunday afternoon recurrence blocks inherited by The WW of The WB (previously branded by the network as "EasyView") through the use of its predecessor network scheduling model. Subsequently, in mid-May, 65% of The CW affiliates, including those carrying The CW Plus, signed an agreement to continue showing a replacement movie show on MGM Showcase on Sunday, which is offered as a traditional syndicate. the movie package is meant for CW prime time slot on that night.
2011-present: Era Pedowitz
On April 28, 2011, Mark Pedowitz was appointed by the network to replace the original president of entertainment Dawn Ostroff; Pedowitz assumes wider responsibilities in CW's business operations than Ostroff, as the network's first president. As the entertainment president, Ostroff oversees the entertainment operations while John Maatta, chief operating officer of the network, handles business affairs; both reported to a board composed of executives from CBS and Warner Bros. Maatta began reporting to Pedowitz as a result of his last appointment as network president. Pedowitz revealed that the network's core demographic targets will not change, although The CW will seek to attract new audiences. Pedowitz began looking to bring the comedy back to The CW after former president, Dawn Ostroff, publicly stated that the difficulty of developing comedy for its target demographic as a reason for their removal from the network after the 2008-09 season (with All People Hate Chris , and The Game - spin-off Girlfriends - being the last comedy to be canceled). The network also ordered more episodes of the original series and read them consecutively during the first week of December, beginning on September 12th, without repetition. In July 2012, Pedowitz no longer refers to the demographics of the CW target as 18-34 women, but more than that now will be "adult network 18-34".
The 2012-13 season sees the introduction of the action-superhero series Arrow based on DC Comics' Green Arrow, which received good reviews from critics and became a hit with the audience when it aired. As proof of refocusing the network towards a more inclusive audience, Arrow is not only broadcast to some of the highest total audiences in network history (third highest overall in 2015, behind the inaugural series of > The Vampire Diaries and The Flash ), it also gave its strongest performance network in the male demographic of 18-34 since Smallville ended its operations in May 2011. Strength < i> Arrow , combined with stability The Vampire Diaries and Rejuvenated Supernatural gave The CW a much-needed victory for this season. However, other creative changes in the network at Emily Owens, MD and Cult were unsuccessful and canceled after one season, in addition, fan favorites, Gossip Girl , ending after six seasons and once breakout hit 90210 canceled as ratings drop. New student segment left from Beauty & amp; the Beast and The Carrie Diaries do enough to update. During this season, the network introduced an image campaign under the slogan "TV Now", in part to emphasize the availability of CW content on television, computers and mobile platforms.
The 2013-14 season sees the network continuing to build on its new found stability with the introduction of The Vampire Diaries spin-off, The Originals . Coupled with Supernatural , this combo brings The CW to success on a new night. Arrow continues to perform strongly, but his new friend, who is highly anticipated The Tomorrow People failed and was canceled despite a promising start. New period warriors Governance do enough to get updates. The entry of the Mid-Season The 100 proved successful, but the Star-Crossed fellow mid-season entry did not go well and was canceled. The network has finally found success with its summer program in 2013, with a revival of the US version of the Whose Line Is It Anyway improvisation comedy series? , which later became part of the fall of the network into the spring of the event arrangement.
The 2014-15 season witnessed the premiere of three critically acclaimed performances that also earned strong ratings: Flash spin-off Flash , new comedy drama Jane the Virgin (loosely adapted from Venezuelan Venezuelan Juana la Virgen ), and the new drama criminal drama iZombie (loose adaptation based on Vertigo DC comic book series of the same name). Flash goes beyond The Vampire Dairies as the highest-profile premiere in network history and becomes the most watched show on the network. Jane the Virgin, meanwhile, gained some of the highest critical acclaim of any series during the 2014-15 television season, and during its first season, became the first CW series to be nominated and won the Golden Globe Award (with the lead actress Gina Rodriguez won the Golden Globe for "Best Actress in Comedy or Variety"). iZombie , which aired as a mid-season replacement, earned both strong ratings (at one point being the third highest show on The CW) and critical acclaim. Overall, the network ended the 2014-15 season posting the highest average averages in a single television season since 2007-08 with 2.15 million viewers, a 12% increase in total views from year to year; CW also posted the highest seasonal demographic ranking among men ages 18-49 with 0.8 shares. The Summer 2015 network schedule also sees the debut Significant Mother, the first half-hour sitcom aired on The CW since 2009 (another alleged half-hour comedy aired on the network since then, consisting of a series of imports gained by The CW through distribution agreements with Canadian and British producers).
The 2015-16 season saw two performances that received similar successes: new musical comedy dramas Gila Ex Girlfriend and Flash/Flash spin-off Legend DC Tomorrow . Crazy Former Girlfriend became one of the most critical events of the season and became the second show on the network to be nominated and won the Golden Globe Award (with actress Rachel Bloom winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in Comedy Series or Variety) ; DC's Legends of Tomorrow , meanwhile, earned high ratings for the network and became the most watched show on Thursday night's block network in two years. On the other hand, Containment was canceled after various reviews and descending ratings (though the series has been promoted as a limited series).
The 2016-17 season saw mixed luck with the CBS Transformer Supergirl giving a boost to the lineup, while the new series Frequency and No Tomorrow failed to live up to the ratings expectations and canceled. The critically acclaimed college series Riverdale fared better, securing updates despite the simple ratings. The long running The Vampire Diaries and Reign closed their journey.
The 2017-18 season sees the success of the new DC Comics Black Lightning entry, but with little else as rookie Valor and Life Sentence entries were canceled after meeting with grim ratings. Soap reboot Dynasty meets a very bleak rating, but is updated thanks to the lucrative off-network streaming transaction being struck by the show's studio and network owner, CBS. On 14 February 2018, CW announced that it will add a 2-hour prime time block on Sunday night starting in fall 2018, returning the network to Sunday for the first time since leasing to Media Rights Capital expires in 2009, as well as more rations CW main time from 10 hours to 12. Discussions with CBS and Warner Bros. about expansion beginning in early July 2017; both agreed on the move in December, with the network reaching a consent agreement with a major affiliate partner early in 2018.
Maps The CW
Programming
Network programming and scheduling
CW aired a two-hour prime time program Monday through Friday night, compared to three hours Monday to Saturday and four hours on Sunday night programmed by three of the longest established networks, ABC, CBS and NBC. This "general major" scheduling (originating from Fox when it launched its prime time schedule in April 1987, and later adopted by CW's predecessor The WB and UPN when they were launched in January 1995) allowed the option for affiliates to air both local news broadcasts, programming syndication or both during 10: 00-11: 00 pm (Eastern and Pacific Time Time). Like The WB and UPN, The CW does not run network programming on Saturday night - although it maintains a syndicated children's program block on Saturday morning - allowing affiliates to run a syndicated program, sports, movie or network program that preceded the previous week due to a special program conducted by the station, within 8:00 to 10:00 pm Duration (East and Pacific) (MyNetworkTV also does not implement prime time programming over the weekend, after changing network time on a Saturday night to an affiliate in March 2007).
CW is also tied to NBC (if the morning news program is Today not counted) for the noon hour programmed by one of the major broadcast networks, running just one programming hour each weekday (compared to 4 1 / 2 hours of day on CBS and three hours on ABC). CW, unlike the "Big Four" broadcast network, it also does not broadcast a national newscast, sports-provided network, or late-night program.
Due to these factors, CW affiliates handle the programming responsibilities of non-network time periods, with the majority of stations filling the slots primarily with syndicated programming. However, some network affiliates broadcast their own local news and/or sports programs (either generated by the station itself or through outsourcing agreements with affiliates from other networks). Many affiliates also carry basketball, soccer and in some cases, other collegiate sports events (such as baseball or hockey) produced by syndicates such as American Sports Network and Raycom Sports, while some (especially those owned by Tribune Broadcasting, such as the former Chicago WGN-TV affiliate) bringing games from local teams of major professional sports leagues like Major League Baseball and the NBA.
Starting October 2017, CW currently provides 18 hours of regularly scheduled network programming every week, for six days. The network provides ten hours of prime time programming to stations owned and operated and affiliated on Monday to Friday from 8:00 to 10:00 pm. Eastern and Pacific Time. Outside of prime time, an hour of daytime programming is also offered Monday through Friday from 3:00 to 4:00 pm. in all time zones, in the talk show form The Robert Irvine Show (although some affiliates - such as WPIX in New York City, WPWR-TV in Chicago, KDAF in Dallas-Fort Worth, KPXJ in Shreveport and WCCB in Charlotte - performing early in the afternoon); while weekend programming consists only of a block of a three-hour education program called "One Magnificent Morning" (which airs as part of CW's schedule through lease-time agreement with Litton Entertainment) on Saturday morning from 8:00 to 11:00 is on all time zones.
Daylight hours provided by Litton's weekly network and blocks of production Saturday (the latter subject to scheduling variations similar to working hours in some markets, such as in Atlanta and San Diego) are designed to be delayed and are therefore recommended for air in the same time slot in all time zones, although both are broadcast an hour earlier on the affiliates of CW Plus in the Middle Zone, Mount and Alaska. In Guam, CW Plus affiliates KTKB-LD in HagÃÆ'Â Â Â Â tÃÆ'Â ± airs CW's day schedule and date on a one day tape delay from the initial broadcast due to the time difference between Guam and the continental United States as the island is on the west side of the International Date Line. In 2018, Supernatural (originally aired on The WB) is the only CW series brought from one of the networking predecessors that continues to be broadcast on the network.
CW previously broadcasted short segments during commercial breaks in certain episodes of its program known as "Content Wraps" - a play on the network name - to advertise a single company's product during part or overall ad break. The CW Now entertainment magazine series is inspired in part by the success of Content Wraps as intended to be a series with product placement; the program was canceled in 2008, after an episode of 23 episodes. For the 2006-07 season, The CW reached an agreement with American Eagle Outfitters to incorporate tie-ins with its aerie clothing line as part of the Content Wrap concept in Tuesday night network schedule, which included the subject in the ad commenting on the plot points in each of the events. The deal was trimmed into regular advertising in February 2007, following fan reaction by viewers of both events and general criticism of the campaign.
News programming
CW does not produce national news content, and the majority of its affiliates do not have their own news operations. As of April 2017, the network currently has only eight affiliates producing their own local news programs, most of which were carried over from previous affiliates: WPIX in New York City and KTLA in Los Angeles started their news department as an independent station and/or during initial affiliation with other networks including DuMont; WCCB in Charlotte, North Carolina started its news operations as a Fox affiliate; WISH-TV in Indianapolis (who became a CW affiliate on January 1, 2015) started operations as ABC affiliates before being affiliated with CBS in 1956; WDCW in Washington, DC used reporters from the Tribune's local bureau and anchors based on the studios of the CBS station of the WTVR brothers in Richmond, Virginia, and KDAF in Dallas, KIAH in Houston and WSFL-TV in Miami using a non-traditional format (in the form of program style newsreel known as NewsFix ). KTLA has the largest number of weekly hours devoted to local news programs of each CW affiliate with 66 ½ hours each week.
Four other CW-affiliate stations maintain in-house news operations, but have since been networked or stopped in-house production:
- WGN-TV in Chicago has retained the news department since it was launched as a CBS affiliate in 1948; the station - which, together with the KTLA and WPIX sister stations, was diverted into a news-intensive outlet during his tenure with The CW - retained the heavy-news format after it was removed from the network in September 2016;
- Under Tribune Broadcasting ownership, WLVI in Boston earns 10:00 at home. news broadcasts, which were replaced in December 2006 with those produced by NBC's (now independent) WHDH affiliate, after the Tribune sold the WLVI to the old owner of Sunbeam Television station;
- XETV-TDT in Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico (serving the San Diego market) maintains a news department launched in 1999 as a Fox affiliate when he joined The CW in August 2008; XETV news department closed on March 31, 2017, following the previous announcement that CW affiliates in San Diego will move to the sub-channels of the CBS affiliate KFMB-TV;
- In April 2012, KCWI-TV in Des Moines, Iowa broadcasted morning news and a talk show program, diverted from in-house production to ABC WOI-DT affiliate production on April 11, 2016, as a result of the Nexstar Broadcasting Acquisition of KCWI.
Cw news programming in CW affiliates - if the station carries anything - is often outsourced to other major network affiliates in the market, especially if they are operated as part of a duopoly or management agreement, like each of the CW-Fox Tribune tribunes of KWGN-TV/KDVR in Denver and KPLR-TV/KTVI at St. Louis (Fox stations in both duopolists - KDVR and KTVI - formerly owned by Local TV, with the KWGN and KPLR of the Tribun each consolidated with the station through a local marketing agreement formed as part of a wider partnership involving Local TV, which the Tribune purchased directly in 2013); Evansville, Indiana WTVW affiliate (who joined The CW in January 2013) and ABC affiliate WEHT (virtual duo formed through Nexstar Broadcasting Group in 2011 WEHT purchase and WTVW trading to Mission Broadcasting partner group); and O & amp; The CW-CBS O duopoly KMAX-TV/KOVR in Sacramento (which had previously produced morning newscasts because it was an UPN station, and - though both became duopoly in 2005 - remains separate from the competing programs at the KOVR, which produce late night newscasts for KMAX).
Scheduling news programs on affiliates The CW often reflects Fox stations, with morning news broadcasts (designed to compete with national morning events on ABC, CBS and NBC within 7:00 to 9:00 pm; in duopoly, this is usually an extension of the broadcast sister station news) and prime time newscasts from 10:00 to 11:00 pm Eastern/Pacific time slot (9:00 to 10:00 Central/Mountain). Rarely (but more commonly on some large-market CW affiliates with an internal news department), they may also include mid-day and/or nighttime news releases.
Children programming
On September 23, 2006, the kids 'WB Kids' programming block - which came from The WB in September 1995 and continues to be produced by Warner Bros. Television - brought to The CW as part of the premier programming lineup; although the network where the start of the operation stopped a week earlier, the WB children's branding was maintained for the block On October 2, 2007, through a joint decision between Warner Bros. Television and CBS Corporation parents, The CW announced that it would stop the block Kids' WB due to competition from cable channels intended for demographics (such as Cartoon Network, which brings many series shared with blocks and vice versa, Nickelodeon and Disney Channel), as well as the effect of children's ad limits, and will sell programming rights to the Saturday morning network block to 4Kids Entertainment (which at the time of the announcement, has resulted in a competing children's programming block, 4Kids TV , for Fox). Children ' WB ended its operations on May 17, 2008 (though some CW affiliates are delaying block to Sunday, like Atlanta O & amp; O WUPA, airing the block for the last time on May 18).
The following week on May 24, 4Kids took over responsibility for CW's children's lineup early Saturday, with a new block debut called The CW4Kids . The initial block formation consisted mostly of programs brought from Kids' WB , before finally adding 4Kids-produced shows like Chaotic and new season Yu-Gi-Oh! and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles . The block was renamed Toonzai on August 14, 2010 (although the CW4Kids name is maintained as a sub-brand to fulfill the imaging obligation that the network must adhere to per 4Kids Entertainment contract to hire The CW's Saturday morning time slot); Toonzai ended its operation on August 18, 2012.
On July 3, 2012, Saban Brands and Kidsco Media Ventures, an affiliate of Saban Capital Group, signed an agreement to program a five-hour Saturday morning slot with a new action-adventure and comedy block for The CW. TheCW4Kids/Toonzai was replaced by Vortexx on August 25, 2012, featuring programs like Power Rangers Lost Galaxy
On June 5, 2014, CW announced an agreement with Litton Entertainment to program a live-action block series designed to comply with the FCC's educational programming guidelines. Vortexx (which is the last remaining non-educational children's block on the main US broadcast network) was replaced by One Magnificent Morning on October 4, 2014. This block features a mix of wildlife and lifestyle programs. , similar to the vein shown in Litton produced blocks broadcast by ABC and CW sister network CBS (one of its original programs, Expedition Wild , moved to "One Magnificent Morning" from ABC blocks; one of the early entries of the CW block, Rock the Park , moved to "Litton's Weekend Adventure" after a season). On January 7, 2016, CW and Litton announced a five-year extension to the block, extending it through the broadcasting season of 2020-21. Beginning with the 2017-18 broadcasting season, the walking time of the block was reduced to three hours and started airing from 08:00 to 11:00 am. CW returns two hours of reclamation time to the affiliate.
Station
Starting November 2017, CW has eight operated and owned stations, as well as current and pending affiliate agreements with 209 additional television stations covering 46 states, the District of Columbia, and three US property. Counting only conventional CW affiliates and over-the-air affiliates of CW Plus, the network has a combined national 100% coverage of all households in the United States (or 323,107,367 Americans with at least one television set); This makes The CW the largest broadcasting network in the US based on the percentage of population reach. In January 2016, four US states (Delaware, New Hampshire, New Jersey and Vermont) have no locally licensed CW affiliates, largely due to a lack of need for local affiliates because they are in the range of station broadcasts in nearby countries. Delaware served by Philadelphia O & amp; O WPSG and Salisbury, Maryland WMDT-DT2 affiliates, while New Hampshire and Vermont are each served by four CW stations based in the surrounding countries (including the Boston WLVI affiliates). New Jersey is served by WPSG and WPIX affiliates of New York City.
As a newer broadcast network, The CW maintains affiliation with low-power stations (broadcasts both analog and digital) in some markets, such as Reno, Nevada (KRNS-CD) and Boise, Idaho (KYUU-LD). In some markets, including those mentioned above, these stations also store digital broadcasts on sub-channels from shared/jointly owned power stations. CW also retains a large number of sub-channel affiliates, most of them with stations in cities located outside of the 50 largest markets designated by Nielsen and receiving network programming through The CW Plus; the largest CW sub-channel affiliate based solely on market size, on May 31, 2017, is KFMB-TV DT2 in San Diego, California.
Currently, Sinclair Broadcast Group is the largest operator of CW stations based on numerical numbers, owning or providing services to 24 CW-affiliated stations, nine sub-channel affiliates and one cable-specific affiliate, covering 17% of all US television markets; Tribune Broadcasting is the largest operator of CW stations in terms of overall market coverage, owning or providing services to thirteen CW stations (including its three largest affiliates in New York City, Los Angeles and Chicago), accounting for 28% of the US.
Overview
On the day of the network launch announcement, The CW soon announced it had reached a ten-year affiliate agreement with Tribune Broadcasting and CBS Television Station. The Tribune initially committed 16 stations previously affiliated with The WB (including WGN-TV's flagship broadcast station in Chicago, KTLA in Los Angeles and WPIX in New York City; another committed station, KSWB-TV in San Diego, joined Fox in August 2008, and two others, WLVI-TV in Boston and WCWN in Albany, New York each sold by the Tribune to Sunbeam Television and Freedom Communications shortly after the network was launched), while CBS did 11 from UPN stations (including WKBD in Detroit, WPSG in Philadelphia, KBHK-TV (now KBCW) in San Francisco and WUPA in Atlanta). These stations are combined to reach 48% of all television households in the United States. Both companies also have several UPN and WB affiliated stations that do not join CW in overlapping markets (such as Seattle, Philadelphia, and Dallas). As part of an affiliate agreement with the network, the Tribune Company agreed to release its ownership in The WB (a partially made move to avoid covering the closing costs for The WB) and not acquire equity shares in the CW.
The network states that it will eventually reach 95% of all US television households. In markets where affiliates are separate from both UPN and The WB are operated, only one station becomes a CW affiliate. Executives are listed as those who prefer the "strongest" station among WB and existing UPN affiliates. As an example, the first affiliates of the new network are outside the core group of Tribune and CBS stations, WJZY in Charlotte (later acquired by Fox Television Stations and converted into Fox O & amp; O in July 2013), tied up with Atlanta O & amp; O WUPA as the fifth highest station UPN. In many cases, it is clear where the new network will be affiliated; there are only a few markets (such as Philadelphia, Miami-Fort Lauderdale, Boston, Charlotte, and Atlanta) where WB and UPN affiliates are relatively strong in terms of overall local viewing. For example, one of the earliest affiliates to be announced outside of the core group, WKCF in Orlando, Florida, not only became WBC's highest-ranked affiliate for the virtual whole of the network but also has become the fourth highest television station in Central Florida.
Almost all affiliates of The CW were previously affiliated with UPN or The WB, with very few having independent stations or affiliates from other networks before joining the network; the exception is the affiliate of Las Vegas KVCW, who has become a fairly successful independent before joining the CW. While it is generally understood that The CW is a merger of UPN and The WB, the creation of new networks is unstructured as a merger in the legal sense. Instead, it is a new network launch at the same time when the other two are closed, although it assumes certain programming content, operations and management of its predecessor. Accordingly, CW is not required by the existing affiliation with The WB and UPN; it must negotiate from the beginning with individual stations. As a result, in some markets, CW affiliates reside at different local stations from former WB and UPN stations (eg, CW affiliates in Las Vegas end up in KVCW, not former affiliates WB KVMY or now-dead former affiliates UPN KTUD-CA). The network is also affiliated with several digital subchannels, typically being launched by local Big Four affiliates as a new service, in some other markets - especially if fewer than six commercial television stations exist at the time of the affiliate, requiring The CW to implement programming on subchannels by default (for example, The CW chose to be affiliated with a subchannel of WKRC-TV in Cincinnati - which has only five commercial power stations - rather than the former WB affiliate of WB TV, who became an affiliate of MyNetworkTV).
Due to the availability of "instantaneous duopoly" digital sub channels that are likely to be readily available on cables and satellites, and the lack of need to resolve secondary affiliations with events served in troubled slots that will subject the programs to the average the lower one. viewers in certain markets, both The CW and MyNetworkTV were launched with a much larger national coverage than those enjoyed by UPN and The WB when both were launched in January 1995. UPN, for several years, had affiliate gaps in the top 30 markets, and in the year 2005 managed to cover only 86% of the country. This results in secondary affiliations with other networks and diluted ratings when the program is shown from the intended time slot, or the lack of programs that are live at all (an issue that many Star Trek fans have fond of franchising with Star Trek: Voyager and Star Trek: Enterprise ).
Launches a reaction
The CW announcement caused the biggest single reshuffle in US television broadcasting since the affiliate alliance between Fox and New World Communications in 1994 (as well as separate alliances with Burnham Broadcasting that began a year later) and the launch of UPN and The next WB the following year. While The CW's debut affects more markets, it may not cause the same level of viewer confusion, as there are no affiliates from the four major networks that dropped affiliates to join the CW (some "Big Four" affiliates are changing at this point, but for that reason not related). The WB and UPN were the first major television networks to shut down since the collapse of DuMont Television Network in August 1955, although other small broadcast television networks have also stopped operating for years.
It became clear that Fox Television Station, which purchased several UPN affiliate stations from its former network partner, Chris-Craft Industries in 2002, would be affected. UPN affiliates in five major markets (New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Washington, DC and Houston) did not accept affiliation with The CW, due to an agreement with the Tribune, and Fox insisted that they would not seek transport of the network for UPN stations in four markets others. All logos and network references are quickly removed from the UPN Fox station. Shortly thereafter, Fox parent News Corporation (which separates American media and its entertainment properties into 21st Century Fox as part of the company's separation in July 2013) announces that it will launch MyNetworkTV, a programming service intended to fill two hours of prime time every night. that UPN will empty Fox's affiliate network after The CW was launched. Fox also offers services to stations owned by other broadcasters.
In markets where The WB and UPN are conducted on separate stations, one of the two local outlets is left in the merger; most stations that do not join CW have signed an affiliate agreement with MyNetworkTV instead, while others choose to be independent stations. Some stations (especially digital sub-channels, some cable channels that were once part of the WB 100 Station Group, and the struggling low power station) that are not affiliated with the network choose to stop permanently.
Affiliate distribution
Like its UPN predecessor and technically, The WB (since no WB Tribune Broadcasting station is considered O & Os since Time Warner holds majority ownership of the network), The CW has no stations owned and operated in any of three television markets the largest US - New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago. The largest station owned and operated by the network is CBS's WPSG in Philadelphia, which also becomes O & amp; O's largest O & O after Chris-Craft Industries (which sold most UPN stations, including affiliates in New York City and Los Angeles, for Fox Television Stations in 2001) owns a shareholding in a network acquired by Viacom in March 2000 ( both the UPN and DuMont Television Networks have O & O in Chicago altogether; the same situation arises with DuMont O & amp; O in Los Angeles, KTLA current CW affiliate - who was affiliated from the network in 1948 shortly after the FCC decided that he and WDTV in Pittsburgh (now KDKA-TV, CW's corporate cousin via CBS Corporation), became O & amp; Os through their then -owners voting on Paramount Pictures Photos in DuMont).
Since Tribune Broadcasting does not retain ownership of shares in The CW, its stations in the top two markets (WPIX and KTLA) are actually affiliates from the network; CBS Corporation has a secondary station - both independent - in two of the three markets, KCAL-TV in Los Angeles and WLNY-TV in the New York City market (however, when KCAL is owned by CBS at the network launch, WLNY is not acquired by CBS until 2011 , there is no station carrying CW programming, because network affiliation is related to the Tribune's station in that market, and in the latter case, WLNY's over-the-air signal does not serve the entire New York City market - Generates the majority of the population in the metropolitan area that receives stations primarily through cable or satellite - being licensed to the Long Island of Riverhead community, limiting its transmitters located more than 15 miles (24 km) from its licensed city under FCC Rules). In contrast to The WB and UPN (the owners of the last networking founders, Chris-Craft and Viacom, both have their own station groups that make up the UPN core station at launch), only one of the co-owners of The CW - CBS Corporation - owned and operated by the network (since the summer of 2017 sales of WPCH-TV/Atlanta, Time Warner has no over-the-air assets at all).
Digital multicasting and cable television
Unlike other major networks, The CW distributes its programs in small and medium-sized markets across the United States (generally those among the 110 lowest Nielsen media markets) through The CW Plus, a separate national feed run with a blend of power and power stations low in some markets, and specialty cable outlets and affiliates of digital sub-channels at major network stations in the market that do not have enough commercial stations to support standalone CW affiliates (some of the CW Plus digital sub-channel outlets initially operated as affiliates only - cable on network launch). The service offers its own master schedule of syndication and network mediated programs (including some movies and infomercials) during non-network programming hours, although some CW Plus affiliates can also run local news releases generated by major network affiliates.
The predecessor CW WB previously had two cable-affiliated outlet outlets: WGN America, WGN-TV's national feed supplier at the time, from January 1995 to October 1999 and a network operated by The WB 100 Station Group (the immediate predecessor of The CW Plus), in September 1998 and has several cable-only outlets joining CW Plus at the launch of the CW network. Not all cable-only affiliate networks are CW Plus outlets, WT05 in Toledo, Ohio offers its own syndication program schedule during non-network hours programmed by then-owned Block Communications, which also operates the major cable providers of that market. Buckeye CableSystem (WT05 now exists as "CW13," which has been converted into a digital sub-channel of ABC affiliates owned by Gray Television WTVG in October 2014). Although CW is the only network with a group of stations covering only cable outlets, in fact only one of the three networks has cable stations only within its affiliated entities (ABC previously had cable affiliates in Winchester, Virginia-based TV3 Winchester until Gray closed the channel in December 2013).
Station standardization
When The CW was launched in September 2006, the network began to brand most of its affiliates using a combination of "CW" or "The CW", and on affiliate options, both channel channel numbers (eg, WNAB Nashville affiliates branded as "CW58" and the Seattle O brand & amp; O KSTW as "CW11") or the name of the city or region it serves. Recent examples include Philadelphia O & amp; O WPSG (known as "The CW Philly 57" as a tribute to previous branding as an independent station), WLVI (known at launch as "Boston's CW", although renamed "CW56" after being sold to Sunbeam Television), WUPA "CW Atlanta" at launch, but now known as "CW69"), Waco, Texas KWTX-DT2 affiliate subchannel (known as "CW Texas") and KVCW (branded as "CW Las Vegas"). Some stations also use call marks/either within station logos, in air identification or both; examples include WNLO/Buffalo, New York, WWHO/Columbus, Ohio and WBNX/Cleveland.
In Omaha, Nebraska, KXVO uses dual brandings "CW15" and "Omaha's CW". In Honolulu, Hawaii, KHON-DT2 was originally branded as "Hawaii's CW 93" ("93" referring to the position of subchannel cable channels on Oceanic Time Warner Cable), before being shortened to "Hawaii's CW" in September 2014. The branding was once used by WKRC- DT2/Cincinnati, Ohio is "CinCW", a portmanteau with a common nickname for the city, "Cincy" (now brand as "The CW Cincinnati"). With the exception of WXCW/Fort Myers and (to a somewhat lower level) XETV/San Diego, all CW affiliates not owned by the Tribune usually stamp themselves using a version of the network logo. Mobile, Alabama CW WBPG affiliate, later known as "The Gulf Coast's CW" changed the call letter to WFNA in December 2009 and used a similar approach around their new call letter, before it became known as "CW 55" in September 2012 and adopted the reflects the CW branding technique once again. WISH-TV in Indianapolis, as it happens during CBS affiliates, keeps brands with only channel numbers and calls as "WISH-TV 8".
Affiliate issues
Problems with Time Warner Cable
Some Time Warner Cable customers across the country were unable to watch CW programming when the network debuted, as stations in some markets could not reach a carriage deal with a provider to distribute local affiliates. In markets like Charleston, South Carolina; El Paso, Texas; Honolulu, Hawaii; Palm Springs, California; Beaumont; Waco and Corpus Christi, Texas, where The CW is broadcast on a digital subchannel from one of the major network affiliates on the market, there are unsuccessful attempts at getting the Time Warner Cable to bring subchannel affiliates (CW co-parent Time Warner has Time Warner Cable up to the door was separated into a separate company in 2009).
Some affiliates end up signing a train transaction with Time Warner Cable, but not all CW affiliates accept carriage at the base cable provider level (eg, Syracuse, New York WSTQ-LP affiliate can only be seen on 266 digital cable channels in Ithaca market). Today, the biggest market with no known affiliates is the Johnstown-Altoona market, which is CW's nearest CBS CBS-WPCW-TV/Pittsburgh station, conducted at TWC's Johnstown and Altoona area systems; WPCW was initially targeted to serve the area before refocusing its programs into the Pittsburgh market in the late 1990s.
On February 2, 2007, Beaumont, Texas CBS station KFDM made its CW-affiliated sub-channel available to Time Warner Cable customers on the market on channel 10. On April 20, 2007, ABC KVIA-TV affiliate in El Paso, Texas began broadcasting Subchannel which is affiliated with CW on Time Warner Cable channel 13. On April 21, 2007, KCWQ-LP made its broadcast debut on channel 5 on Time Warner Cable in the Palm Springs area.
Pappas Telecasting bankruptcy
One of the major network affiliate groups, Pappas Telecasting Companies, filed for the bankruptcy of Chapter 13 for its 13 television stations on May 10, 2008. In the petition, Pappas specifically cites low network ratings and lackluster performance as one of the many complications that occur. forcing him to create archiving. Several stations have been sold well in business transactions with representatives involved in the Pappas bankruptcy proceedings or through station auction processes as the company slows down its operations.
Although Pappas originally stated that no radio station would be affected at all by closing, two stations belonging to the company previously affiliated with CW had ceased operations. On May 29, 2008, Yakima, a Washington KCWK affiliate (serving the south-central part of the country) was closed and station offices were closed, leaving the area without local CW programming and forcing cable and satellite providers to bring Los Angeles KTLA affiliates to provide programming network for their customers. The situation was resolved in April 2009, when Fisher Communications announced that CBS affiliates in the region, KIMA-TV and KEPR-TV satellite stations, will bring the network through digital sub-channel affiliates.
Subsequently, WLGA in Columbus, Georgia lost its CW affiliate in April 2009 to the NBC WLTZ affiliate sub-channel due to network concerns about Pappas's financial status; WLGA finally ceased operations in June 2010 for not being able to compete in the market as an independent station; then resumed operations in August 2012, as an affiliate of WeatherNation TV (now an Antenna TV affiliate).
Marianas Media bankruptcy
Marianas Media signed at KTKB-LD in HagÃÆ'  ¥ tÃÆ'  ± a, Guam as a CW affiliate on April 20, 2009, became the fifth commercial television outlet in the US territory. However, competition from other stations on the island was combined with financial problems in Marianas, which ran the station under a local marketing agreement with troubled KM Communications Inc, forcing the station to die on March 31, 2011. The station resumed operations the following year.
The Tribune's Relationship with The CW
While Tribune Media has a solid affiliate offering with The CW at several stations, it also maintains a strong affiliate alliance with Fox. But with the new management and ownership that took over the Tribune in 2008, it is clear that the company will replace one of its CW-affiliated stations to Fox (at least in the market without Fox owned or operated by former or O & amp; Local TV, which was then purchased by the Tribune in 2013), adding more questions about CW's future. In a March 2008 seminar by Tribune chairman and CEO Sam Zell it was revealed that the San Diego KSWB-TV outlet company will divert its affiliates from The CW to Fox in August, with KSWB assuming Fox affiliates of XETV-TV, who have become affiliates the Fox charter since the birth of the October 1986 network. XETV (licensed to Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico under the ownership of Grupo Televisa but US operations programmed by Bay City Television) was not informed of the Zell deal until made public.
After the news broke out, XETV plans to sue to prevent the transition on the grounds that it would breach the affiliate contract that XETV has with Fox that will not expire until 2010. However, on July 2, 2008, XETV announced that it joined CW on August 1 the same when KSWB became a Fox affiliate) and changed its name to "San Diego 6". Although twelve of the Tribune's other affiliated stations remained in the network, they all began not to emphasize the network of their branding (eg, "CW 11") that supported one with a stronger local identity. Air branding excised under the name CW began to be implemented by stations in July 2008, either on-air (in the case of KWGN-TV) or via their website (as part of a redesign for all Tribune station sites)). Some of these stations have finally begun recombining CW branding starting in 2011, such as KDAF/Dallas, KIAH/Houston and KRCW-TV/Portland, Oregon.
Tribune President and CEO Peter Liguori said in a May 2014 discussion at MoffettNathanson Media & amp; The Communication Summit that he "was not happy with where the CW [in terms of its ranking performance]," stated that the network "should not be programmed for [young] people who are not watching conventional television." Liguori also stated that he would consider collaborating with the network in terms of improving the programming slate, perhaps by incorporating programs from the company's Tribune Studios unit (production division which was launched shortly after Liguori was appointed president of the Tribune in November 2013) to the network, as well as having Tribun play a greater role in the management of The CW.
Speaking at the 23rd Annual Communacopia Communications of Goldman Sachs in September 2014, Les Moonves acknowledged that the Tribune has sought more input on how networks are programmed and notes that Liguori is a former programmer (having previously served in executive roles at Fox, FX and Discovery Communications ), saying that "[Liguori] wants to participate.He has some great ideas.He's part of our team.Would there be any changes in how CW is structured forward? I do not know." Moonves goes on to reiterate that the Tribune is "a very important part of the future [CBS ']" (given that the Tribune recently acquired CBS affiliates for Indianapolis station and then-CW WTTV affiliate, after a dispute between CBS and the old affiliate WISH- TV, which will eventually take over CW affiliates in January 2015, on back compensation claims by the network).
In an October 2014 interview with Broadcasting & amp; Cable , Liguori appears to reverse the previous statement and talk about Tribune support from the network. Liguori said in a statement, "We are strongly encouraged by the recent rise in the rankings of The CW [[]] and a positive critical response to the new line of primetime.In particular, [CW CEO Mark Pedowitz] has put the programming strategy that will help network to attract a wider and more inclusive audience, which is important for our stations across the country We are delighted to support the launch of new events through editorial and promotional initiatives, and we look forward to more sustainable collaboration to build on this momentum.
In January 2016, The CW and Tribune started negotiations on a new affiliate deal, as the original 10 year agreement signed at the start of the network is nearing its end. The complicated matters are the wishes of CW, CBS and Warner Bros. parent companies to stream network programming as a stand-alone OTT payment service. The deadlock in the negotiations resulted in deadlock for months between the two groups.
On May 23, 2016, CW and Tribune announced that they had reached a new affiliate agreement. As part of the deal, Chicago's flagship WGN-TV Tribune will leave the network and return to an independent station after nearly 21 years affiliated with The CW and its predecessor network, The WB. A major factor in this decision was the large use of the local WGN-TV sports program, which caused a lot of pre-emptions from CW while WGN-TV had to move as many as 30 games a year to another local station in Chicago. CW affiliates moved to WPWR-TV, MyNetworkTV station owned by Fox Television Station.
Roberts Spreads bankruptcy
Roberts Broadcasting filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection on October 7, 2011; the company cited the loss of UPN affiliates at its station in St. Louis. Louis (WRBU), Columbia, South Carolina (WZRB) and Jackson, Mississippi (WRBJ-TV) when the network was closed supported The CW in 2006, as Most UPN programs consist of programs targeted by minorities that Roberts believes fit with the target audience of their stations (although stations have recovered from this setback; in addition, the stations in Evansville, Indiana, WAZE-TV, were affiliated with The WB before 2006, since it was owned by South Central Communications until February 2007). The company has also been hit with lawsuits from Warner Bros. Television, Twentieth Television and CBS Television Distribution for failing to pay fees for syndicated programs; Roberts eventually settled with Twentieth but lost the case of Warner Bros and CBS.
On March 24, 2011, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) canceled the WAZE license for Roberts failure to build its digital transmitter facility. However, the station continues to be broadcast through a network of penerje
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