The Inland Empire ( IE ) is a metropolitan area and region in Southern California. The term can be used to refer to western towns of Riverside County and southwest of San Bernardino County. The broader definition would include the eastern towns of Los Angeles County in the Pomona Valley, and sometimes the desert community of Palm Springs and the rest of the Coachella Valley; a much larger definition covers all areas of San Bernardino and Riverside.
The US Census Bureau-defined Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario metropolitan area , comprising Riverside County and San Bernardino County, California, covers over 27,000 square miles (70,000 km 2 ) and has a population of about 4 million. Most of the inhabitants of the region are located southwest of San Bernardino County and northwest of Riverside County. In the late nineteenth century, the Inland Kingdom was a major center of agriculture, including oranges, dairy products, and grapes. However, agriculture declined until the 20th century, and since the 1970s a rapidly growing population, fed by families who migrated to find affordable housing, has led to more residential, industrial and commercial development.
Video Inland Empire
Etimologi
The term "Land Empire" has been documented as being used by the Riverside Enterprise Press (Enterprise now) as early as April 1914. Developers in the area seem to introduce the term to promote the region and highlight unique features of the region. The "inland" part of this name comes from a regional location, about 60 miles (97 km) inland from Los Angeles and the Pacific Ocean. Originally, this area was called the Orange Empire because of the acre of orange gardens that had been extended from Pasadena to the Redlands during the first half of the twentieth century. The Inland Empire is a vague region, but is defined as the western towns of Riverside County and the southwestern towns of San Bernardino County; adjacent to the Los Angeles metropolitan area. A generally broader definition would include the desert community of Palm Springs and the surrounding area, and a much larger definition would cover all areas of San Bernardino and Riverside.
Maps Inland Empire
History
What is now known as the Inland Empire was inhabited for thousands of years, before the end of the eighteenth century, by Tongva, Serrano, and Cahuilla Native Americans. With Spanish colonialism and the next Mexican era the area was rarely residents in Ranchos land grants, considering it was not suitable for the mission. The first American settlers, a group of Mormon pioneers, arrived at Cajon Pass in 1851. Although Mormon left six years later, remembered to Salt Lake City by Brigham Young during the Utah War church with the US government, other settlers soon followed.
The entire land of Southern California is subdivided according to San Bernardino Meridian, which was first plotted as part of the Public Land Survey System in November 1852, by Colonel Henry Washington. Base Line Road, a major highway, today runs from Highland to San Dimas, intermittently along the lines of absolute coordinates planned by Colonel Washington. San Bernardino County was first formed from parts of Los Angeles County on April 26, 1853. While the partition never included what is currently mostly from Riverside County, this monolithic area may not sound. The rivalry between Colton, Redlands, Riverside and San Bernardino over the county seat in 1890 led each of them to form their own civilian community, each with their own newspaper. On August 14, 1893, the state Senate allowed Riverside County to exit land previously in San Bernardino and San Diego County, having refused a bill for Pomona to split from LA County and became the seat of what would be called San Antonio County.
The arrival of trains and imported navel and Valencia citrus trees in the 1870s touched explosive growth, with the area quickly becoming a major center of citrus production. This agricultural explosion continued with the arrival of water from the Colorado River and the rapid growth of Los Angeles in the early 20th century, with dairy farming becoming another major industry. In 1926, Route 66 (now known as Foothill Boulevard and Interstate 215) came through the northern part of the area, bringing the flow of tourists and migrants into the region. However, the region survived as a key part of the Southern California "orange belt" until the end of World War II, when a new generation of real estate developers bulldoze agricultural land to build the suburbs. The precursor to the San Bernardino Freeway, Ramona Expressway, was built in 1944, and the further development of the expressway system in the area facilitated the expansion of the periphery and human migration throughout the Inland and Southern California Empires.
The region experienced significant economic and population growth through much of the second half of the twentieth century. In the early 1990s, the loss of military bases in the region and the reduction of the nearby defense industry due to the end of the Cold War caused a deterioration of the local economy. The region as a whole has recovered some of this decline at the beginning of the 21st century through the development of warehousing, shipping, logistics and retail industries, primarily centered around Ontario. However, these industries are deeply affected by the Great Recession.
Geography
Physical geography
The physical boundaries between Los Angeles and the Inland Kingdom from west to east are the San Jose Hills that divide the San Gabriel Valley from the Pomona Valley, leading to an urban population centered in the San Bernardino Valley. From south to north, the Santa Ana Mountains physically divide Orange County from San Bernardino and Riverside Counties. The Santa Rosa Mountains, as well as parts of Southern California's Sonoran Desert, physically divide Riverside County from San Diego County. Some definitions for IE include Chino Valley, Coachella Valley, Cucamonga Valley, Menifee Valley, Murrieta Valley, Perris Valley, San Jacinto Valley, Temecula Valley, Pomona Valley and Victor Valley.
The altitude ranges from 11.499 ft (3.505 m) at the summit of Mount San Gorgonio to -220 ft (-67 m) in the Salton Sea. The San Bernardino Mountains are home to the San Bernardino National Forest and the Big Bear Lake resort communities, Lake Arrowhead and Running Springs. The Santa Ana River extends from Mt. San Gorgonio for nearly 100 miles (160 km) via San Bernardino, Riverside, and Orange counties before spilling over into the Pacific Ocean in Newport Beach and Huntington Beach. While temperatures are generally cold in the mountains, temperatures can become hot in the valley. In the desert resort of Palm Springs, near Joshua Tree National Park, summer temperatures can reach over 110 ° F (43 ° C).
Political geography
Unlike most metropolitan areas growing around the city center, the Inland Empire has no major focus cities. Major cities in the region include Riverside, San Bernardino, Rancho Cucamonga, and Ontario. The spread of suburbs spread to form a unified/integrated connection with the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Further development steadily, if not heavy, passing through mountains in remote desert areas. The Inland Empire is bordered by both Los Angeles and Orange counties. Highways in Southern California are very often used, but this comprehensive highway system has traveled between the Mainland Empire and these two districts are generally easy; mainly to and from Los Angeles County.
The Inland Empire is also referred to as the 909 , after one of the most commonly used area codes in the region. In 2004, due to the increasing demand for telephone numbers, most Western Riverside County were coded for new areas, 951.
The Coachella Valley area of ​​Palm Springs, Palm Desert, and Indio lies further east in Riverside County (the distance between the town of San Bernardino and Palm Springs about 45 miles) and has its own area code of 760. This area is sometimes considered a sub -Inland Empire region or its own separate territory. This is to help distinguish them from the urban San Bernardino-Riverside.
Limitations and definitions
There is no universally accepted definition for the boundaries of the Inland Empire. Some sources such as the Los Angeles Times refer to Riverside County and San Bernardino County as the Inland Empire, reflecting the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario metropolitan area.
Some residents of certain areas in three districts, such as Twentynine Palms, the Coachella valley and Temecula, consider themselves to be separate from IE. The California Travel and Tourism Commission (CTTC), a non-profit non-governmental organization promoting tourism in California, divides the country into areas for its own purposes. CTTC defines the Inland Empire as being limited by Los Angeles County and Orange County to the west, San Diego County to the south, as far north as the Victor Valley region, and as far east as the Idyllwild in the San Jacinto Mountains. The official website of the state of California is connected to a CTTC map with the description "Map of the Inland Empire region".
Other sources, including Kevin Starr, a former librarian of the state of California, included the eastern towns of Los Angeles County in the Pomona Valley of Claremont, Pomona, La Verne, San Dimas and Diamond Bar in the definition of the Inland Empire. Other sources also include cities in Los Angeles County within the boundaries.
Economy
Cheap land prices (compared to Los Angeles and Orange Counties), large vacant land supply, and transport links where many highways and railroad intersections have made Inland Empire a major shipping center. Some of the largest manufacturing companies in the country have selected Inland Empire for their distribution facilities including the Toyota Distribution and Distribution Center (NAPLD) Toyota and Corporations Center in Ontario and APL Logistics at Rancho Cucamonga. Whirlpool Corporation recently leased a 1,700,000 square foot distribution center in Perris that is larger than 31 football pitches and one of the largest warehouses in the country. These centers operate as part of a system that transports finished goods and materials from Los Angeles and Long Beach ports to destinations to the north and east such as Las Vegas, Phoenix and Denver. More than 80 percent of the country's cargo imports are shipped via the Los Angeles/Inland Empire Corridor. However, with the global economic downturn, industry vacancies have doubled from 6.2 percent in 2007 to 12.4 percent through 2008. In San Bernardino and Redlands, vacuum as high as 22 percent.
Although the major industries in the region have been affected by the Great Recession, the Inland Empire is projected to remain the fastest growing region in California for some time to come. The region is also projected to remain one of the most educated areas of the country with the lowest average in the country's annual wage. A 2006 payroll study in 51 metropolitan areas in the country put the second Inland Empire to last, with an average annual wage of $ 36,924. However, low land prices and innovative institutional support networks have attracted several small businesses and tech startups to the area.
While urbanization continues to cut down agricultural land, the Inland Empire still generates substantial harvest. Although 10,000 acres (40Ã, km 2 ) of irrigated land disappeared between 2002 and 2004, agriculture still generated more than $ 1.6 billion in revenues to the two districts in 2006.
Being an MSA, aggregate GDP figures are reported by the Bureau of Economic Analysis each year. The Inland Empire ranks 25th in a country with 2011 GDP of $ 109.8 billion, about one-third of the San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA MSA despite their close population. GDP per capita was $ 25,993.34 in 2011, almost half of the top 50 Gross Metropolitan Products. Due to the housing crisis, GDP fell from $ 114.8 billion in 2007, although there were many incoming residents.
The unemployment rate at Inland Empire has been consistently above the national average since 2007. 10.4 percent of the inland population is unemployed by August 2013, compared with the national rate of 7.3 percent. Due to the high unemployment and foreclosure rates of housing, a higher percentage of the inland population is dependent on public assistance. According to Press-Enterprise, "twelve percent of Riverside County and 17 percent of San Bernardino County residents use food stamps in January 2012," compared to "11 percent of those living in Los Angeles County, 8 percent of San Diego County and 7 percent a resident of Orange County. "
Housing
Since the 1950s, the area has changed from rural to suburban neighborhoods. This area now consists of many cities known as the bedroom community which is a suburban city to Los Angeles. Affordable homeownership is the main motivation behind growth in these Inland Empire cities because homes in the region are generally cheaper than comparable homes in Los Angeles and Orange counties. A steady population increase and demand for housing has led to a dramatic increase in the construction of single-family homes on packages of 0.25 hectares (1,000m 2 ) or more, compared with high density construction constructions such as high rise apartment buildings or condominiums. This low-density development has caused sprawl in the Inland Empire; back and forth between Beaumont and Ontario approximately 43 miles. Most of the vacant land is being developed. Land used for farming is now sold by owners for conversion to shopping malls, industrial warehouses, etc. Due to the lack of an Inland Empire that has only one downtown, and smaller geographic footprints that tend to have suburban cities, this sustainable development has become an unplanned suburban mudflow because local interests and zoning laws can quickly change from one city ​​to next city. The Inland Empire is expressed as the worst example of sprawl according to research by Smart Growth America in 2002.
During the housing bubble collapsed in the late 2000s, seizures rose to 3.500 percent. In 2010, this area was ranked fourth in the country in total confiscation, with one submission for every 133 households. The problem of the abandoned house became so big that Perris town started a program to paint the brown grass of the house which was left to green as a way to reduce the emergence of the disease.
Retail
Retail sales in the area have increased to keep pace with suburban population growth. This area is home to several major shopping centers, including Promenade Shops in Dos Lagos and Crossroads at Corona; Ontario Mills in Ontario; Promenade Mall in Temecula; Galleria at Tyler, Riverside Plaza, and Canyon Crossings at Riverside; The Shoppes at Chino Hills in Chino Hills; Moreno Valley Mall in the Moreno Valley; Victoria Gardens at Rancho Cucamonga and the Inland Center mall in San Bernardino. In fiscal 2006, retail sales in San Bernardino County grew 11.9 percent to $ 31.2 billion, while sales at Riverside County rose 11.3 percent to $ 29.6 billion.
Environmental quality
The result of this sustainable development has resulted in greater home ownership for the region. Although the region has seen an increase in employment over the last decade, it is not a tough work center, and many residents are commuting to Los Angeles and Orange counties for their work. With the lack of sufficient public transport in the Greater Los Angeles Area, this has caused traffic congestion and air quality degradation for the Inland Empire. The solution to this problem is not simple. The presence of so many municipalities within the Inland Empire, which often have different 'visions' for their own municipalities, means that two cities in this region rarely agree on a solution; just as always, they may have unequal means to apply it even if they agree. Not having a local government planning organization can ruin any proposed solution. Finally, the speed at which development occurs (fast) versus the government's ability to respond to change (slow) means that it can easily take years, if not decades, for viable solutions (such as new roads, pollution control, etc.) to apply.
Air pollution
Air pollution, or locally suspended particles are generated from an increase in the number of cars in the area, from point sources such as factories, air-borne dust by construction activity, and similar pollutant contributions from the Los Angeles area regularly causing the Land Empire to be in, or near , the bottom of many air quality ratings. In 2004, the EPA assessed the San Bernardino-Riverside area as having the worst particulate air pollution in the United States, (although San Joaquin Valley in central California had the worst overall air pollution). Air pollution in the Los Angeles area is still a problem, although improvements have been made over the years. But the problem was exacerbated in the Inland Empire, which was surrounded by mountains to the north and east. The wind that serves to move the bad air eastward from Los Angeles, but after the pollution reaches the Inland Empire, can not be carried further east because it is trapped by the mountains that surround the area.
Water pollution
Water pollution has also been found in the Santa Ana and Cajon washing rivers, and pollutants from March Air Reserve Base and Stringfellow Acid Pits have contaminated groundwater in the Riverside County section. In 1997, a perchlorate, a chemical used to produce explosives, was found seeping into ground water under the Rialto in a growing clot. In 2007, the Rialto City council appealed to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for Superfund's status to clean up its home page. Sites consisting of March Air Reserve Base, Norton Air Force Base and Stringfellow Acid Pits have been classified as toxic EPA Superfund waste sites.
Transportation
The problem of traffic congestion on the highway, as elsewhere in Southern California, is the result of demand for driving beyond the available capacity, especially in highway areas. Many of the existing highways were completed in the late 1970s, with the exception of the Foothill Freeway segment, State Route 210 (SR 210) between San Dimas and San Bernardino completed in July 2007. New highway or highway "repair "is being planned, like a long-term expansion of the highway around the Inland Center Mall. However, other problems exist, one of which is vs. work. housing imbalance. The Mainland Empire population grew as a result of affordable housing, at least relative to the rest of Southern California. But most of the higher paying jobs are located in Los Angeles, San Diego and Orange counties. Thus, many workers have to drive daily from the Mainland Empire to their work in this district-sometimes up to two hours each direction, and even longer if by public transport. As the population increases, the problem will definitely get worse. Forbes magazine recently topped the list of the most unhealthy journeys in the United States, beating out every other metropolitan area in the country, as rural drivers breathe in unhealthy air and have the highest levels fatal car accidents per capita.
According to a 1999 report by the Surface Transportation Policy Project, Imperial Inland leads in a fatal accident caused by street rage. The theft of copper, brass and other metals from highways and road repairs has also led to a decrease in public safety on IE's roads and highways. Gas suctioning has also been noted as a problem for abandoned vehicles in the region.
Public transport
Unlike many major metropolitan areas, the Inland Empire has minimal public transport. When combined with the large physical size of the area, more people use cars for convenient travel. Less than five percent of IE's 1,249,244 working age population uses public transport to start work.
Omnitrans is the largest bus dealer in San Bernardino County, while Riverside Transit Agency is the largest in Riverside County. Currently, some Omnitrans bus routes run 1-2 hours apart, and some routes stop operating in the afternoon or may not run on weekends. The first rapid transit line in the metropolis, a new bus fast transit system, was launched in April 2014. The new line, dubbed San Bernardino Express (sbX), offers fast transit services that work like a train with a central running station, designated sbX lane and passengers buy tickets before boarding. The station is about a mile apart with the northern terminal at Verdemont and the southern terminal at the VA Loma Linda hospital, passing downtown San Bernardino and the business district of Hospitality Lane town.
Metrolink is a commuter train system serving Southern California; it consists of seven lanes and 55 stations operating on 388.2 miles (624.7 km) of rail network. It travels up to 79 miles per hour (127 km/h) and up to 90 mph on the part of the Orange County line.
The Metrolink commuter train system provides daily train services from San Bernardino to Downtown Los Angeles (the busiest route from the system)
91/Perris Valley Line Dari Perris ke Los Angeles
The Riverside Line provides weekdays commute services to Los Angeles.
Inland Empire-Orange County Line from San Bernardino to Oceanside in San Diego County
Airport
Several airports are located in the Inland Empire. Ontario International Airport and Palm Springs International Airport are the commercial airports in their respective cities. A local combined body of forces is attempting to re-develop the Norton Air Force Base that has been disabled at San Bernardino International Airport. The airport currently serves as a public aviation airport. More than 20 years after decommissioning, the discount airline Volaris announced in April 2017 that it will commence commercial services in San Bernardino in June 2017. There are also several general aviation airports in the region.
Bicycle path
This area made some progress in developing special cyclists and recreational lanes. The largest is the Santa Ana River bike trail, currently connecting Corona to Huntington Beach, and is finally projected to stretch as far as 84 miles to the Redlands when completed in 20 years. Shorter tracks are along the first line of the Pacific Electric Railway from Claremont to Fontana.
Demographics
The population of the Greater Los Angeles area (which includes the Inland Empire) is about 18 million people according to the 2010 US Census, and is the second largest metropolitan area in the country. The Metropolitan Statistical Area Population of the Inland Empire (Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, Metropolitan Region of CA) into the region itself is over 4.2 million people and is the 13th largest metropolitan area in the United States. According to the 2000 US Census, this is the fastest growing region in the state. Between 1990 and 2000, the Riverside and San Bernardino areas added 700,000 to their population, an increase of 26 percent. Between 2000 and 2010, the population of the Foreign Empire increased by 970,000 or 30 percent. According to the 2005-2007 census the bureau estimates 61.8 percent of the population is White (40.4 percent White Non-Hispanic), 7.5 percent Black, 5.7 percent Asian and 25.0 percent of other races or mixes. 43.9 percent Hispanics of any race. 21.9 percent of the population were born overseas.
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention reports that in 2006, 33.1 percent of people in the Greater San Bernardino Region were overweight, and 30.8 percent were obese. Most of the population (76.6 percent), last compared to those surveyed in 2001, rated their respective districts as a good place to live. More than 81 percent of Riverside County residents indicate that their area is a very good place or good enough for life, while about 72 percent of people in San Bernardino County feel the same. Survey respondents mentioned "nice living room," "good climate," and "affordable housing" as the top positive factor in assessing their respective communities. Smog is by far the most important negative factor affecting the ratings of respondents in both counties, while traffic is the second highest concern in Riverside County and the second highest crime of concern among residents of San Bernardino County. From the 1970s onwards, large numbers of African-Americans, Latinos, and some Asian-Americans from the Los Angeles-Orange County and San Diego metro areas moved into the Inland Empire. Big Black communities can be found around San Bernardino (Fontana and Rialto) and Riverside (the Moreno and Perris Valley), where Blacks and Latins make up the majority in and around these cities. This also applies in parts of the Mojave Desert and Coachella Valley. Politics
While the region as a whole has traditionally leaned more Republican than the rest of California, new residents tend to identify with Republicans rather than long-term residents (36 percent to 42 percent), and the number of residents who identify with Democrats (34 percent) is slightly above the numbers that identify with Republicans (33 percent). In the 2008 presidential election, Democratic candidate Barack Obama brought both Riverside and San Bernardino areas, becoming the only second Democrat to bring both districts since Lyndon Johnson in 1964. In 2012, Obama repeated this feat and again brought two districts, and on in 2016, Hillary Clinton also did the same.
Non-Hispanic and non-Hispanic blacks have the highest level of participation for almost every type of political activity, while Latin and Asian-Americans lag behind those groups in terms of volunteerism and organizational membership. However, the 2006 immigration protests have significantly increased political participation among Latinos.
Religion
78 percent of the inland population see themselves as Christians. 39 percent identified themselves as Roman Catholics, 14 percent as Protestants, and 25 percent as other Christian types. (36 percent of total inland Christians see themselves as "born again.") 1 percent of the population are Jews, 6 percent belong to other religions, and 14 percent claim to be non-religious. 27 percent of the inland population attend some form of worship every week, 14 percent attend more than once a week, 15 percent once a month, and 14 percent attend worship services on religious holidays only.
Many faiths and denominations are found and represented in the area. The Roman Catholic parishes in the area belong to the diocese of San Bernardino church.
Mormon and Seventh-day Adventists have communities in the town of Loma Linda and Redlands near San Bernardino. Mormons also have congregations in the High Desert area. Seventh-day Adventists operate Loma Linda University.
The Inland Empire has a Jewish community, and an additional American Jewish community in and around Sun City which was later incorporated as the City of Menifee. According to American Jews in the Desert, the Coachella Valley has about 20,000 American Jews, one of the largest Jewish communities in California, as a result of the primary purpose of retirement.
Crime
While crime indexes in Riverside and Ontario are slightly above the state's average trend, San Bernardino has a crime index consistently close to or more than double the national average. Reflecting national trends, violent crime in the region as a whole declined or remained consistent in 2009, despite the recession. In Riverside, 10 murders occurred in 2005, down from 24 in 2003, the highest number since 2003. All but three cases resulted in arrests. In San Bernardino, on the contrary, 58 murders occurred in 2005, but only a third of cases in San Bernardino caused the arrest, due to lack of witness cooperation in the city.
The Latino Gang has been active in the region since the orange days in the area while the continuous migration of various African American gangs from the southern city of LA has flowed into the region since the Watts Riot and the Los Angeles Riot 1992. The increase in diversity in the region between 1990 and 2000 were also associated with a 20 percent increase in hate crime in the same period, largely attributed to increased gang activity. According to data from the FBI Uniform Crime Reporting program, taken together, the Riverside and San Bernardino areas show a total of 51,237 crimes reported to the county police/sheriff (but not to the city or other agencies) in 2006; this combined total exceeds the total for all other California districts - considered individually - except for Sacramento.
This area has also been noted as a center for the production of methamphetamine drugs. The sheriff's departments at Riverside and San Bernardino damaged 635 meth laboratories in 2000; law enforcement has driven most meth production industries into Mexico since 2007, but many homes that have been found to have been used as meth laboratories before 2006 have been sold on the market before California law necessitates a rigorous decontamination, leading to a health heritage. danger to unsuspecting tenants and home buyers in the area.
By 2016 federal crime statistics state that San Bernardino is ranked the most dangerous city in California.
Education
There is a lower educational attainment trend in IE, which started early. Only 37 percent of 3 and 4-year-olds in the area are enrolled in a pre-school school, with only one school in the region for every 343 children, compared with 48 percent of students in San Diego County. Thirty-five percent of IE's ninth graders do not graduate from high school, and only 37 percent of college-age residents enroll in post-secondary education programs. Only 24 percent of IE's adult population has achieved a bachelor's degree or better. Twenty-five percent do not have a high school diploma. According to former CSUSB President Al Karnig, "We have very low attendance rates in colleges that are slightly above average in other states, we only have about 20 percent of college graduates in the Inland Empire while on average in other states is 38 percent. "21 highland schools ranked above 100 in California to produce dropouts.
Of Inland Empire residents of 25 years and over in 2004, 44.4 percent of Asians have college degrees or higher, and nearly 70 percent attend at least a lecture. 21.3 percent of blacks have a bachelor's degree or higher, and 65.2 percent have a community degree or a lecture. 22.8 percent of whites have college degrees or higher, and 60.8 percent have attended college. From Hispanics, 6.9 percent have college degrees or higher, and 30.2 percent attend college.
Among the students who moved from inland colleges to private schools in 2004-05, the most frequent choice was the University of Phoenix.
Jobs
While the Inland Empire led the country in employment growth with 275,000 new jobs between 1990 and 2000, most were in a relatively low-tech field. San Bernardino and Riverside districts mainly host the service and manufacturing or warehousing industries. The food and administrative services employ most people in the Inland Empire, while for the state of California, the top industries are in administrative services and professional, scientific and hi-tech-oriented fields. 79.8% of IE's employment growth from 1990 to 2003 is work in the services sector. The low wage industry is abundant in IE, and the high-tech and professional industries in the area pay less than in other parts of California. As many as one-third of adults working back and forth from an area of ​​27,000 square miles (70,000 km 2 ) to find employment, the highest proportion of each area in the country. Adding to the congestion, less than 5% of IE's 1,249,224 working age population uses public transport to start work every day. 14.5% carpool, while 79.7% usually drive alone to work in their cars.
In 2007, the region had an unemployment rate of 6.1%, while overall unemployment claims in California were at 5.4% and 4.4% nationally. In 2008, unemployment in the region increased to 9.5%, at a time when the country's average was 8.2% and the national average of about 6.5%. Unemployment reached an all-time high of 15% in 2010, second in the country only to Detroit among metropolitan areas with a population of over 1 million.
Culture
The Inland Empire is located adjacent to the San Bernardino Mountains. Lake Arrowhead and Big Bear are just a few lakes located in the mountains. Lake Arrowhead became very popular in the summer, while Big Bear became popular in the winter for skiing and snowboarding. The locations at Inland Empire provide a place for cultural and entertainment shows. The Victoria Gardens Cultural Center, owned and operated by Rancho Cucamonga City, opened in the fall of 2006 providing theater, concert and family entertainment to the region. The San Manuel Amphitheater in San Bernardino Devore neighborhood is the largest open air amphitheater in the country. "Route 66 Rendezvous (the largest classic car in the United States) at San Bernardino," an annual street show and classic car show, attracts half a million people from around the world. The Palm Springs Aerial Tramway in Palm Springs is a popular attraction, rising to over 8500 feet.
Music
Bands founded from IE include Alien Ant Farm, The Bellrays, and Voodoo Glow Skulls, from Riverside, and Cracker from Redlands, and The Mountain Goats From Chino. Home music artist DJ Lynnwood began her career at the age of ten spinning records at KUOR-FM in Redlands. girafa is another local electronic artist from Corona, CA. Local hip-hop artists such as Miah Lanski, Suga Free, Saint Dog, 40 Glocc, Young Noble from Outlawz, J.J. Fad, Raje, Noa James, Xydewayz8, The Faze, and A Lighter Shade of Brown have brought attention to the growing Hip hop community in and around the region. A number of artists associated with Palm Desert Scene have formed a new genre, "Desert rock". A Danish record label, Musicministeriet, recently opened an office in Redlands in hopes of further developing the music scene of IE.
Frank Zappa performed at Upland on Foothill Boulevard in the early 1960s where he played performances on the makeshift stage for the crowds on campus. Zappa also purchased Pal Recording Studio at Archibald Avenue in Rancho Cucamonga where Surfaris has recorded classical surf music "Wipe Out." He dubbed Studio Z and started making recordings that eventually led to the founding of Zappa's group, The Mothers of Invention. Until his death in December 2012, singer Ray Collins of the Mothers of Invention lived in the area. Zappa mentions Imperial Empire in the song "Billy the Mountain."
From the late 80s to the late '90s, a lot of up-and-coming music action, such as Rage Against the Machine, Blink-182, and No Doubt cut their teeth on the playground at Riverside. However, these historic places (Spanky's Cafe, and De Anza Theater) have been closed down and converted to other destinations. The warehouse at UCR was closed as a music venue for 10 years but started in October 2008 KUCR Radio 88.3 FM, ASPB Student Council Programs Associated with funding from UCR Housing began to have a series of free concerts once a week during the school quarter. Music venues in IE include Showcase Theater in Corona (recently closed), Red Planet Records at Riverside, Vault in Redlands, Buffalo Inn and The Wire at Upland, Twins Club at Rancho Cucamonga, Press Restaurant at Claremont, the Glass House in Pomona, Back to Grind Coffee Shop at Riverside, Irish Pub Liam at Colton, and CommonGround Soundstage at Riverside.
Performing arts
Orchestras in IE include the Redlands Symphony, which features at the University of Redlands, the Riverside County Philharmonic, performing at the Riverside Municipal Auditorium, San Bernardino Symphony, performing at the California Theater, and Victor Valley Symphony, performing at Victor Valley College. The International Art Theater is housed in the California Theater as well. With the largest customer base in the Inland Empire, Theatrical Arts International presents the largest caliber tour available including best-selling films such as Cats , Hairspray , Mamma Mia , and Miss Saigon. There are many other great theater programs in the community. The Riverside Fox Theater, also known as the Fox Performing Arts Center, was built in 1929, and is a Spanish Revival-style Colonial building in the heart of downtown Riverside, California. Theater is the centerpiece of Riverside's Arts & amp; Cultural initiative and undergoing major renovation and restoration to become a regional performing arts facility. The renovations were completed in the fall of 2009, with reopening in January 2010. At Chaffey High School in Ontario, they have an enormous theater program featuring shows in autumn and spring on one of the biggest high school platforms. in the Inland Empire. The Inland Empire Harmony Carousel Chorus provides music in the production of Barbershop Quartet.
Sports
The Inland Empire is home to many small league baseball teams, basketball, and ice hockey. The Inland Empire team with the most championships is Inland Empire 66ers from San Bernardino, who won their latest championship in 2013.
The Auto Club Speedway, located in Fontana, was opened in 1997. It contains oval, highway, and dragstrip for car racing. Speedway is located approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) from the former Ontario Motor Speedway location. The Riverside International Raceway, where other dead motorsports, is located about 7 miles (11 km) east of Riverside.
Media
Newspapers
The Inland Empire is served by four major local newspapers:
- The InlandEmpirePress.com only provides online reporting for Riverside County & amp; San Bernardino Valley Region.
- The San Bernardino County Sun , serving mainly the San Bernardino Valley area.
- The Inland Valley Daily Bulletin, which serves the southwestern region of San Bernardino County and the cities of East Los Angeles at Claremont, La Verne, Pomona, San Dimas, the Plateau, Rancho Cucamonga, Ontario , Montclair, Chino and Chino Hills.
- The Riverside-based Press-Enterprise also has several editions above that area.
There is also an Inland Empire edition of Los Angeles Times . For the Inland Empire segment that surrounds the cities of San Bernardino and Riverside, the regional newspapers include:
- Inland Empire: The Inland Empire Community News, provides online and print reports for various cities in the Inland Empire.
- High Desert: Antelope Valley Press , Victorville Daily Press and Barstow Delivery Delivery . Both Victorville and Barstow have Sunday editions that are circulated in both areas called Press-Delivery .
- Palm Springs & amp; Coachella Valley: Desert Sun
Radio
The Inland Empire ranked 26 (June 2008) in the national radio market as a stand-alone market. When combined with the Greater Los Angeles Area, it is part of the second largest radio market.
Due to various mountains including San Bernardino, San Gabriel, and Idyllwild, it may be difficult to receive single stations throughout the Inland Empire without interruption.
Television
Direct PBS TV-KV broadcasting stations to the Inland Empire. This station covers all of Riverside County and San Bernardino County with some overlapping Los Angeles areas. The station is located on the campus of San Bernardino Valley College. In addition to PBS and original content, local content, First Nation Experience (FNX), KVCR's brother station, also broadcast programs on indigenous peoples and Native Americans to the Inland Empire.
Movies
Although there was no major film production company or studio based in the Inland Empire, on-the-spot photography contributed a total economic impact of $ 65.2 million in the region of two regions in 2006. From 1994 to 2005, filming accounted for more than a billion dollars ($ 1,228,977,456) of total revenues spent in the area. Some of the famous films taken in the Inland Empire include the Executive Decision Turn U , Erin Brockovich , and Fast and Angry I.
While the movie David Lynch Inland Empire was named after the area, no scenes were actually shot in the Inland Empire.
Internet media and blogs quickly gained traction in Inland Empire because newspaper readers have fallen. Some entertainment blogs include Things To Do Inland Empire, DiscoverIE.com, JooseBoxx.com, InlandDaily.com, and InlandEmpire.com. Politics has also received coverage on the web, with iepolitics.com providing outlets for political bloggers.
Ann Lerner, the Albuquerque film hanger, told L.A. Times about the cable TV series AMC Breaking Bad producers wanted to film the series in California's Inland Empire but switched to New Mexico due to the New Mexico tax incentives.
The entered city
See also
- List of California urban areas
- List of museums in Inland Empire (California)
References
External links
- Empire Imperial travel guides from Wikivoyage
- Mainland Empire on Curlie (based on DMOZ)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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